Blood type is the classification of the blood of an individual based on the presence or absence of antigenic substances on the surface of the legacy of red blood cell membrane. This is due to the different types of carbohydrates and proteins on the surface of the red blood cell membrane. Two types of blood are the most important classification is ABO and Rhesus (Rh factor). The world is actually known about 46 kinds of antigens other than ABO and Rh antigens, only more rare. Blood transfusions from incompatible groups can cause transfusion reactions resulting immunological hemolytic anemia, renal failure, shock, and death.
Human blood type is determined by the type of antigen and antibodies contained in the blood, as follows:
Individuals with blood type A have red blood cells with antigen A on the cell membrane surface and produce antibodies against the B antigen in blood serum. Thus, people with blood type A-negative can only receive blood from people with blood type A-negative or O-negative.
Individuals with blood type B has B antigens on the surface of red blood cells and produce antibodies to the antigen in the blood serum. Thus, people with blood type B-negative can only receive blood from people with blood dolongan B-negative or O-negative
Individuals with blood type AB have red blood cells with antigen A and B and does not produce antibodies against antigens A and B. Thus, people with blood type AB-positive can receive blood from people with any ABO blood group and called universal recipient. However, people with blood type AB-positive can not donate blood except on fellow AB-positive.
Individuals with blood type O blood cells without antigen, but produce antibodies against antigens A and B. Thus, people with blood type O-negative can donate blood to people with any ABO blood group and are called universal donors. However, people with blood type O-negative blood can only receive from fellow O-negative.
In general, blood type O is the most common in the world, although in some countries such as Sweden and Norway, blood group A is dominant. Antigen A more common than the antigen B. Because AB blood type requires the presence of two antigens, A and B, this blood type is the most rare in the world.
Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1930 for his services to find a way classification ABO blood.
Human blood type is determined by the type of antigen and antibodies contained in the blood, as follows:
Individuals with blood type A have red blood cells with antigen A on the cell membrane surface and produce antibodies against the B antigen in blood serum. Thus, people with blood type A-negative can only receive blood from people with blood type A-negative or O-negative.
Individuals with blood type B has B antigens on the surface of red blood cells and produce antibodies to the antigen in the blood serum. Thus, people with blood type B-negative can only receive blood from people with blood dolongan B-negative or O-negative
Individuals with blood type AB have red blood cells with antigen A and B and does not produce antibodies against antigens A and B. Thus, people with blood type AB-positive can receive blood from people with any ABO blood group and called universal recipient. However, people with blood type AB-positive can not donate blood except on fellow AB-positive.
Individuals with blood type O blood cells without antigen, but produce antibodies against antigens A and B. Thus, people with blood type O-negative can donate blood to people with any ABO blood group and are called universal donors. However, people with blood type O-negative blood can only receive from fellow O-negative.
In general, blood type O is the most common in the world, although in some countries such as Sweden and Norway, blood group A is dominant. Antigen A more common than the antigen B. Because AB blood type requires the presence of two antigens, A and B, this blood type is the most rare in the world.
Austrian scientist Karl Landsteiner, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1930 for his services to find a way classification ABO blood.
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